8 bước để lập kế hoạch làm việc một cách hiệu quả

A work plan is a summary of goals and tasks for a team and / or a person to achieve the set goals, helping the viewer to see the work plan to understand the entire project.
Whether you are at school or at work, planning your work will help you work in a scientific way even if you work with any project. The work plan helps you divide your work into small tasks that are easy to implement and clarify the objectives of each task. Learn how to plan your work so you are ready for upcoming projects.

Here are 8 steps to help you get a scientific and reasonable work plan, which brings high efficiency:

1. Understand the purpose of work planning.
The work plan was created for many different reasons. Predicting the purpose of planning helps you plan better. It should be noted that most work plans only apply for a certain period of time (eg 6 months or 1 year).

If you are working, your work plan helps your manager know which project you will be joining in the next few months. It is usually set up right after the assessment to do the annual work or when a team starts big projects. Work plans can also be created after the company organizes a strategic plan at the beginning of the calendar year or the new fiscal year.
In a learning environment, a work plan can help students schedule a large project. It also helps teachers prepare course materials in the next semester.
For individual projects, the work plan will help outline what you plan to do, how it will be done and the expected completion date. Individual work plans, though not necessarily, will help track goals and work progress.

2. Write an introduction and general information about the plan.
With a professional work plan, you need an introduction and general information. This section helps your manager or director have an overall view of the project. In the learning environment, the work plan does not need to have these two parts.

The introduction should be short and appealing. Please mention the reason you plan this with your manager. Introduce the project (s) that you will be participating in during this time. 
The general information section should highlight the reason you plan. For example, give detailed information or analyze recent reports, what problems you see or you receive recommendations or feedback that needs processing in previous projects.
3. Identify the purpose (s) and objectives.
Goals and goals are related to each other because they all refer to what you want to achieve in your work plan. Even so, they are different; the purpose is more general, and the goal is clearer.

The purpose is to focus on the overall picture of the project. You can define goals by listing the final results of the project you want. Write goals clearly; for example, completing a survey or doing more research on writing.
Objectives should be specific and clear. In other words, when you complete a goal, you can cross it off the list. For example, finding a reporter to complete a survey is a good goal.
Many work plans separate goals into short, medium and long term if these goals are different. For example, the company's short-term goal is to increase the number of viewers by 30% over the three-month period very differently from the long-term goal of strengthening the brand's presence in mass media channels next year.
Objectives are often written in active form and use action verbs with clear thoughts (eg "planning", "writing", "increasing" and "measuring") instead of dynamic use words that have a general meaning (eg "check", "understand", "know", and so on).
4. Develop a work plan with "SMART" objectives.
SMART is an acronym in English indicating the criteria of a work plan with clear and achievable results.

Specific: What are we going to do exactly? Indicate the population group you are about to serve and any of your actions will aim to support this group of people.
Measurable: Can it be quantitative and can we measure it? Can you count the results? You plan to "health in Vietnam will increase in 2020?" Or do you plan to "reduce HIV / AIDS cases in Vietnamese babies by 20% by 2020?"
Remember that an original data needs to be set with a change in quantity. If you do not know the incidence of HIV / AIDS in Vietnamese babies, you will not be able to say with certainty that this rate will be reduced by 20%.
Can be achieved (Achievable): Can we accomplish in time with the resources we have? We need to set realistic goals with constraints. Increasing sales by 500% is only reasonable if your company is small. 500% increase in sales if you have dominated the market is almost impossible.
In some cases, you may need advice from an expert or authority to know if your goal can be achieved.
Relevant: Does the objective affect the desired purpose or strategy? Although measuring the height and weight of high school students may be important for a complete physical examination, does it directly lead to changes in the mental health examination? You need to make sure that your goals and methods are clear and intuitive.
Time bound: When do you accomplish the goal and / or when can we know we have completed? Although this is a bit difficult, you need to state the end date of the project. Need to state this, otherwise you can achieve results with accomplishing all the goals but completing hastily and hastily.
5. List your resources.
List anything you need to achieve your goals and objectives. The resources will vary, depending on the purpose of the work plan.

In the workplace, resources can include things like financial budgets, personnel, professionals, offices or space and documents. If your work plan is quite formal, you should attach a detailed budget in the appendix.
In a learning environment, resources can include access to different libraries; research materials such as books, newspapers and magazines; computers and Internet access; Expert or others can help you if you have any questions.
6. Specify constraints.
Constraints are obstacles that can appear on the way to achieving your goals and objectives. For example, if you make a survey for the school, you may find your schedule too dense, making it difficult to investigate and write reports in the best way. Therefore, a dense timetable will be a binding and you need to cut off some things during the semester to complete the plan effectively. (PLANNING is necessary if you have more than one difficult subject each term).

7. Who is responsible?
Job assignment is a very important content of a good plan. Who is responsible for completing each job? It is possible that a group works together to complete a task (depending on resources) but each member needs to meet the requirements for the job to be completed on time.

8. Write down your strategy.
Review your work plan, decide how to use resources and how to overcome constraints to achieve goals and objectives.

List specific action steps. Determine what to do on a daily or weekly basis to finally be able to accomplish the goal. It is also necessary to list the steps that other team members need to do. You may consider using project management software or personal calendars to organize these tasks.
Schedule time. You can set up a test schedule, consider unexpected events, you also need to reserve space in the timetable to avoid delays.
Advice:
Point out important milestones if your project is particularly big: It is important to point out important milestones throughout the project, which highlight certain goals in each stage. Important milestones also help you see which steps you have taken and make sure you keep up with the plan.
Work plan is right for you: The work plan can be as detailed or general as you want or as required. They can be written on a page of paper or created on professional software using graphs and colors. Consider and apply the method that you find most reasonable and effective for you.